Last reviewed by Dr. Leena Joshi, MD, October 2026
Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the glomeruli, the tiny filters in the kidneys that remove waste from the blood. Dr. Leena Joshi, a board-certified nephrologist serving San Mateo County, evaluates patients with glomerulonephritis through laboratory testing, imaging, and sometimes kidney biopsy. Dr. Joshi develops individualized treatment plans that may include medications to reduce inflammation, control blood pressure, and protect kidney function. Early intervention can help prevent progression to chronic kidney disease.
What is glomerulonephritis?
Glomerulonephritis occurs when the glomeruli become inflamed and damaged. The glomeruli are small structures inside the kidneys that filter waste and extra fluid from the blood. When these filters become inflamed, they may not work properly. This can cause protein and blood to leak into the urine. Waste products may build up in the body. Glomerulonephritis can happen suddenly, which doctors call acute glomerulonephritis. It can also develop slowly over many years, called chronic glomerulonephritis. Some cases result from infections like strep throat. Others occur when the immune system attacks the kidneys by mistake. High blood pressure and diabetes can also damage the glomeruli over time. Dr. Joshi evaluates patients throughout San Mateo County to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment approach.
Signs and symptoms
- Pink or cola-colored urine from blood in the urine
- Foamy urine caused by excess protein
- Swelling in the face, hands, feet, or abdomen
- High blood pressure that may cause headaches
- Fatigue and weakness
- Decreased urine output
- Shortness of breath from fluid buildup
How Dr. Joshi manages glomerulonephritis
Dr. Joshi begins with a thorough evaluation that includes reviewing medical history, performing a physical examination, and ordering laboratory tests. Urine tests can detect blood and protein levels. Blood tests measure kidney function and may identify immune system problems. In some cases, Dr. Joshi may recommend a kidney biopsy to determine the specific type of glomerulonephritis and guide treatment decisions. Treatment plans depend on the underlying cause and severity. Dr. Joshi may prescribe medications to suppress the immune system if inflammation is active. Blood pressure control is essential, and Dr. Joshi often recommends ACE inhibitors or ARBs to protect the kidneys. Diuretics can help reduce swelling by removing extra fluid. Dr. Joshi also provides guidance on dietary changes, including limiting salt and protein intake when appropriate. For patients in Burlingame, Daly City, and throughout San Mateo County, Dr. Joshi offers ongoing monitoring to track kidney function and adjust treatment as needed. Regular follow-up appointments help prevent complications and preserve kidney health.
When to see a nephrologist for glomerulonephritis
- Blood in the urine that persists or recurs
- Significant protein in the urine detected by your primary care physician
- Unexplained swelling in the face, legs, or abdomen
- Elevated creatinine or declining kidney function on blood tests
- High blood pressure that is difficult to control
- History of autoimmune disease affecting the kidneys
Frequently asked questions
What causes glomerulonephritis?
Causes include infections, autoimmune diseases like lupus, vasculitis, and conditions that run in families. Sometimes the cause cannot be identified. Dr. Joshi performs comprehensive testing to determine the underlying cause when possible and develops an appropriate treatment plan.
Can glomerulonephritis be cured?
Some forms resolve completely with treatment, especially acute cases following infection. Chronic glomerulonephritis may not be curable, but Dr. Joshi can help slow progression and manage symptoms. Early treatment improves outcomes and may preserve kidney function long term.
Will I need dialysis?
Most patients with glomerulonephritis do not require dialysis. Dr. Joshi focuses on early intervention to protect kidney function. Dialysis becomes necessary only if kidney disease progresses to advanced stages. Regular monitoring helps detect changes early.
How often will I need appointments with a glomerulonephritis specialist in Burlingame?
Appointment frequency depends on disease severity and stability. Dr. Joshi may recommend visits every few weeks during active inflammation, then less frequently once the condition stabilizes. Your physician will determine the appropriate schedule based on your individual needs.
What dietary changes help with glomerulonephritis?
Dr. Joshi may recommend limiting sodium to reduce swelling and blood pressure. Protein restriction can help in some cases. Limiting potassium and phosphorus may be necessary if kidney function declines. Dr. Joshi provides personalized nutrition guidance.
Is glomerulonephritis hereditary?
Some forms have genetic components, but most cases are not directly inherited. Dr. Joshi evaluates family history as part of the diagnostic process. Knowing your family medical history helps guide testing and treatment decisions.
Dr. Leena Joshi, MD, sees patients at two convenient San Mateo County locations: 1750 El Camino Real, Suite 301, Burlingame, and 1800 Sullivan Avenue, Suite 507, Daly City. To schedule a consultation for glomerulonephritis evaluation and treatment, call (650) 355-5551.
This page is for general education and is not a substitute for medical advice. Always consult your physician about your specific situation.
Medically reviewed by Leena Joshi, MD.